{"id":1505,"date":"2025-06-27T15:25:58","date_gmt":"2025-06-27T07:25:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/?p=1505"},"modified":"2025-06-27T15:25:59","modified_gmt":"2025-06-27T07:25:59","slug":"should-the-outlet-valve-be-closed-when-starting-a-centrifugal-pump","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/should-the-outlet-valve-be-closed-when-starting-a-centrifugal-pump\/","title":{"rendered":"Mal by by\u0165 v\u00fdstupn\u00fd ventil pri sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165an\u00ed odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla uzavret\u00fd?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pri sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165an\u00ed odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla mus\u00edte venova\u0165 pozornos\u0165 mnoh\u00fdm veciam. Mali by ste pri sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165an\u00ed odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla uzavrie\u0165 v\u00fdstupn\u00fd ventil?<\/p>\n

Odpove\u010fou je, \u017ee ho mus\u00edte zavrie\u0165!<\/p>\n

1: Pre\u010do by mal by\u0165 v\u00fdstupn\u00fd ventil pri sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165an\u00ed odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla uzavret\u00fd?<\/p>\n

\"20250627145014\"<\/p>\n

Ke\u010f sa odstrediv\u00e9 vodn\u00e9 \u010derpadlo spust\u00ed, vo v\u00fdstupnom potrub\u00ed \u010derpadla nie je \u017eiadna voda, tak\u017ee nevznik\u00e1 \u017eiadny odpor potrubia a v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fd odpor zdv\u00edhania. Po spusten\u00ed odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla je v\u00fd\u0161ka odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla ve\u013emi n\u00edzka a prietok je ve\u013emi ve\u013ek\u00fd. V tomto \u010dase je v\u00fdkon motora \u010derpadla (v\u00fdkon hriade\u013ea) ve\u013emi ve\u013ek\u00fd (pod\u013ea v\u00fdkonnostnej krivky \u010derpadla), ktor\u00fd sa \u013eahko pre\u0165a\u017e\u00ed, \u010do po\u0161kod\u00ed motor \u010derpadla a potrubie. Preto mus\u00ed by\u0165 v\u00fdstupn\u00fd ventil pri sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165an\u00ed uzavret\u00fd, aby \u010derpadlo fungovalo norm\u00e1lne.<\/p>\n

Ak sa pou\u017eije axi\u00e1lne vodn\u00e9 \u010derpadlo, situ\u00e1cia je opa\u010dn\u00e1. Mus\u00ed sa spusti\u0165 s otvoren\u00fdm ventilom. V tomto \u010dase je v\u00fdkon motora minim\u00e1lny. Kv\u00f4li nedostato\u010dn\u00e9mu odporu v kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase bude pracova\u0165 s ve\u013ek\u00fdm prietokom, \u010do \u010dasto sp\u00f4sob\u00ed vibr\u00e1cie \u010derpadla, hluk a dokonca pre\u0165a\u017eenie motora, ktor\u00fd zhor\u00ed. Uzavretie v\u00fdstupn\u00e9ho ventilu sa rovn\u00e1 umel\u00e9mu nastaveniu tlaku odporu v potrub\u00ed. Po norm\u00e1lnej prev\u00e1dzke \u010derpadla pomaly sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165ajte ventil, aby \u010derpadlo mohlo postupne norm\u00e1lne pracova\u0165 pozd\u013a\u017e svojej v\u00fdkonnostnej krivky.<\/p>\n

Pred spusten\u00edm odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla je potrebn\u00e9 zabezpe\u010di\u0165 dva body:<\/p>\n

1) Napl\u0148te pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 \u010derpadla vodou, aby sa vytvoril podtlak;<\/p>\n

2) \u0160up\u00e1tko na v\u00fdstupnom potrub\u00ed mus\u00ed by\u0165 uzavret\u00e9, aby \u010derpadlo nevytv\u00e1ralo pr\u00fad, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165ac\u00ed pr\u00fad motora a u\u013eah\u010di\u0165 plynul\u00fd \u0161tart \u010derpadla. Ke\u010f\u017ee \u010derpadlo sa sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a plynulo, \u0161r\u00f3benie by sa malo otv\u00e1ra\u0165 pomaly a v\u010das.<\/p>\n

Odstrediv\u00e9 \u010derpadlo zdv\u00edha vodu podtlakom, ktor\u00fd vznik\u00e1 p\u00f4soben\u00edm odstredivej sily obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa. Preto sa pri sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165an\u00ed odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla mus\u00ed najprv uzavrie\u0165 v\u00fdstupn\u00fd ventil a mus\u00ed sa naplni\u0165 vodou. Hladina vody mus\u00ed presahova\u0165 \u010das\u0165 obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa a pred spusten\u00edm odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla sa mus\u00ed vypr\u00e1zdni\u0165 vzduch v \u0148om. Po spusten\u00ed sa okolo obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa vytvor\u00ed podtlak, ktor\u00fd nas\u00e1va vodu smerom nahor, a m\u00f4\u017ee sa automaticky otvori\u0165, aby sa voda zdvihla. Preto sa mus\u00ed najprv uzavrie\u0165 v\u00fdstupn\u00fd ventil.<\/p>\n

2. O odstredivom \u010derpadle<\/p>\n

Odstrediv\u00e9 \u010derpadlo je lopatkov\u00e9 \u010derpadlo, ktor\u00e9 je zalo\u017een\u00e9 na rotuj\u00facom obe\u017enom kolese. Po\u010das procesu ot\u00e1\u010dania lopatky v d\u00f4sledku interakcie medzi lopatkami a kvapalinou odovzd\u00e1vaj\u00fa kvapaline mechanick\u00fa energiu, \u010d\u00edm sa zvy\u0161uje tlak kvapaliny a dosahuje sa \u00fa\u010del dopravy kvapaliny. \u010cinnos\u0165 odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla m\u00e1 nasleduj\u00face charakteristiky:<\/p>\n

1\uff09V\u00fdkon odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla pri ur\u010dit\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dkach m\u00e1 obmedzen\u00fa hodnotu. Prietok v pracovnom bode a v\u00fdkon hriade\u013ea z\u00e1visia od podmienok syst\u00e9mu zariaden\u00ed pripojen\u00fdch k \u010derpadlu (rozdiel pol\u00f4h, rozdiel tlakov a straty v potrub\u00ed). V\u00fdhybka sa men\u00ed s prietokom.<\/p>\n

2) Stabiln\u00e1 prev\u00e1dzka, nepretr\u017eit\u00e1 dod\u00e1vka, \u017eiadne pulz\u00e1cie v prietoku a tlaku.<\/p>\n

3) Vo v\u0161eobecnosti nem\u00e1 samonas\u00e1vaciu schopnos\u0165, \u010derpadlo sa mus\u00ed naplni\u0165 kvapalinou alebo sa mus\u00ed potrubie pred za\u010dat\u00edm pr\u00e1ce odvzdu\u0161ni\u0165.<\/p>\n

4) Odstrediv\u00e9 \u010derpadl\u00e1 sa sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165aj\u00fa so zatvoren\u00fdm ventilom v\u00fdtla\u010dn\u00e9ho potrubia a v\u00edriv\u00e9 \u010derpadl\u00e1 a axi\u00e1lne \u010derpadl\u00e1 sa sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165aj\u00fa s \u00faplne otvoren\u00fdm ventilom, aby sa zn\u00ed\u017eil \u0161tartovac\u00ed v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"20250627145030\"<\/p>\n

Pred spusten\u00edm \u010derpadla sa pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 \u010derpadla napln\u00ed prepravovanou kvapalinou; po spusten\u00ed sa obe\u017en\u00e9 koleso poh\u00e1\u0148an\u00e9 hriade\u013eom ot\u00e1\u010da vysokou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou a kvapalina medzi lopatkami sa mus\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010da\u0165 s n\u00edm. P\u00f4soben\u00edm odstredivej sily je kvapalina vrhan\u00e1 zo stredu obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa k vonkaj\u0161iemu okraju a z\u00edskava energiu, pri\u010dom vysokou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou op\u00fa\u0161\u0165a vonkaj\u0161\u00ed okraj obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa a vstupuje do vol\u00fatovej skrine \u010derpadla.<\/p>\n

V \u0161pir\u00e1le sa kvapalina spoma\u013euje v d\u00f4sledku postupn\u00e9ho roz\u0161irovania prietokov\u00e9ho kan\u00e1la a \u010das\u0165 kinetickej energie sa men\u00ed na statick\u00fa tlakov\u00fa energiu a nakoniec pr\u00fadi do v\u00fdtla\u010dn\u00e9ho potrubia pod vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm tlakom a posiela sa na po\u017eadovan\u00e9 miesto. Ke\u010f kvapalina pr\u00fadi zo stredu obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa k vonkaj\u0161iemu okraju, v strede obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa sa vytv\u00e1ra ur\u010dit\u00e9 v\u00e1kuum. Ke\u010f\u017ee tlak nad hladinou kvapaliny v z\u00e1sobnej n\u00e1dr\u017ei je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed ako tlak na vstupe do \u010derpadla, kvapalina je neust\u00e1le vtl\u00e1\u010dan\u00e1 do obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa. Je zrejm\u00e9, \u017ee pokia\u013e sa obe\u017en\u00e9 koleso ot\u00e1\u010da, kvapalina sa neust\u00e1le nas\u00e1va a vyp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

When starting a centrifugal pump, you need to pay attention to a lot of things. Should you close the outlet valve when starting a centrifugal pump? The answer is that you need to close it! 1: Why should the outlet valve be closed when starting a centrifugal pump? When the centrifugal water pump is started, […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1509,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[36],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1505"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1505"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1505\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1509"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1505"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1505"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1505"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}