{"id":1363,"date":"2024-11-20T16:55:01","date_gmt":"2024-11-20T08:55:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/?p=1363"},"modified":"2024-11-20T16:55:01","modified_gmt":"2024-11-20T08:55:01","slug":"what-are-the-causes-of-centrifugal-pump-vibration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/what-are-the-causes-of-centrifugal-pump-vibration\/","title":{"rendered":"Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa pr\u00ed\u010diny vibr\u00e1ci\u00ed odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla?"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Hriade\u013e.<\/strong>
\n\u010cerpadl\u00e1 s dlh\u0161\u00edmi hriade\u013emi s\u00fa n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 na nedostato\u010dn\u00fa tuhos\u0165 hriade\u013ea, pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ek\u00e9 vych\u00fdlenie a zl\u00fa priamos\u0165 hriade\u013ea, \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje trenie medzi pohybliv\u00fdmi \u010das\u0165ami (hnac\u00ed hriade\u013e) a statick\u00fdmi \u010das\u0165ami (klzn\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1 alebo kr\u00fa\u017eky \u00fastia), \u010do vedie k vibr\u00e1ci\u00e1m. Okrem toho je hriade\u013e fluoroplastov\u00e9ho odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla pr\u00edli\u0161 dlh\u00fd a n\u00e1raz pr\u00fadiacej vody v baz\u00e9ne je pomerne ve\u013ek\u00fd, \u010do zvy\u0161uje vibr\u00e1cie podvodnej \u010dasti \u010derpadla. Medzera medzi vyva\u017eovacou doskou na konci hriade\u013ea je pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ek\u00e1 alebo axi\u00e1lny pracovn\u00fd pohyb je nespr\u00e1vne nastaven\u00fd, \u010do sp\u00f4sob\u00ed n\u00edzkofrekven\u010dn\u00fd pohyb hriade\u013ea a vedie k vibr\u00e1ci\u00e1m lo\u017eiska. Excentricita rotuj\u00faceho hriade\u013ea sp\u00f4sob\u00ed ohybov\u00e9 vibr\u00e1cie hriade\u013ea.<\/p>\n

2. Z\u00e1klad a dr\u017eiak \u010derpadla.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kontaktn\u00e1 a upev\u0148ovacia forma medzi r\u00e1mom pohonu a z\u00e1kladom je nedostato\u010dn\u00e1 a z\u00e1klad a syst\u00e9m motora maj\u00fa slab\u00e9 schopnosti absorpcie, prenosu a izol\u00e1cie vibr\u00e1ci\u00ed. Z\u00e1klad fluoroplastov\u00e9ho odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla je vo\u013en\u00fd, alebo jednotka fluoroplastov\u00e9ho odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla vytv\u00e1ra po\u010das procesu in\u0161tal\u00e1cie pru\u017en\u00fd z\u00e1klad, alebo je tuhos\u0165 bublinov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladu sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 ponoren\u00edm do oleja oslaben\u00e1, \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje, \u017ee \u010derpadlo vytv\u00e1ra \u010fal\u0161iu kritick\u00fa r\u00fdchlos\u0165 f\u00e1zov\u00e9ho rozdielu vibr\u00e1ci\u00ed, \u010do zvy\u0161uje frekvenciu vibr\u00e1ci\u00ed \u010derpadla. Ak je frekvencia vonkaj\u0161\u00edch faktorov bl\u00edzka alebo rovnak\u00e1 ako frekvencia, amplit\u00fada \u010derpadla sa zv\u00fd\u0161i. Okrem toho uvo\u013enenie z\u00e1kladov\u00fdch skrutiek zn\u00ed\u017ei tuhos\u0165 obmedzenia, \u010d\u00edm sa zhor\u0161ia vibr\u00e1cie motora.<\/p>\n

3. Spojenie.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Obvodov\u00e1 vzdialenos\u0165 spojovacej skrutky je zl\u00e1 a symetria je zni\u010den\u00e1; spojka je dlh\u00e1 a excentrick\u00e1, \u010do sp\u00f4sob\u00ed vznik excentrickej sily; ku\u017ee\u013e spojky je zl\u00fd; statick\u00e9 vyv\u00e1\u017eenie alebo dynamick\u00e9 vyv\u00e1\u017eenie spojky nie je dobr\u00e9; pru\u017en\u00fd \u010dap a spojka s\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 tesn\u00e9, tak\u017ee funkcia pru\u017en\u00e9ho nastavenia pru\u017en\u00e9ho \u010dapu nem\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165, \u017ee koordina\u010dn\u00e1 medzera medzi hriade\u013emi je pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ek\u00e1; v\u00fdkon spojky je zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd, \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje mechanick\u00e9 opotrebovanie gumov\u00e9ho kr\u00fa\u017eku spojky; kvalita prevodov\u00fdch skrutiek na spojke. Tieto d\u00f4vody sp\u00f4sobia vibr\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

\"1120\"<\/p>\n

4. Faktory samotn\u00e9ho vodn\u00e9ho \u010derpadla.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Asymetrick\u00e9 tlakov\u00e9 pole generovan\u00e9 rot\u00e1ciou obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa; v\u00edr v sacom boxe a v sacom potrub\u00ed; vznik a z\u00e1nik v\u00edru v obe\u017enom kolese, v \u0161pir\u00e1le a vo vodiacich lopatk\u00e1ch; vibr\u00e1cie sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 v\u00edrom sp\u00f4soben\u00fdm polovi\u010dn\u00fdm otvoren\u00edm obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa; nerovnomern\u00e9 rozlo\u017eenie v\u00fdstupn\u00e9ho tlaku sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 obmedzen\u00fdm po\u010dtom lopatiek obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa; nevyv\u00e1\u017eenos\u0165 obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa; prietokov\u00fd kan\u00e1l; kavit\u00e1cia; prietokov\u00fd kan\u00e1l, strata trenia na \u010delnej hrane obe\u017en\u00e9ho kolesa; Okrem toho, ak je hor\u00facovodn\u00e9 \u010derpadlo, ak je predhrievanie \u010derpadla nerovnomern\u00e9 alebo syst\u00e9m posuvn\u00fdch \u010dapov \u010derpadla nefunguje spr\u00e1vne, \u010do m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledok tepeln\u00fa roz\u0165a\u017enos\u0165 skupiny \u010derpadla, sp\u00f4sob\u00ed to siln\u00e9 vibr\u00e1cie vo f\u00e1ze sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165ania; tepeln\u00e1 roz\u0165a\u017enos\u0165 a in\u00e9 vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 nap\u00e4tia sa nem\u00f4\u017eu uvo\u013eni\u0165, \u010do sp\u00f4sob\u00ed zmenu tuhosti nosn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu rotora a zmenu tuhosti a uhlovej frekvencie syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

5. Motor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Uvo\u013enen\u00e9 \u010dasti motora, uvo\u013enen\u00e9 zariadenie na polohovanie lo\u017e\u00edsk, pr\u00edli\u0161 vo\u013en\u00e9 jadro z krem\u00edkovej ocele a zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 tuhos\u0165 podpory v d\u00f4sledku opotrebovania lo\u017e\u00edsk sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa vibr\u00e1cie. Nerovnomern\u00e9 rozlo\u017eenie hmotnosti rotora sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 excentricitou hmotnosti, ohybom rotora alebo probl\u00e9mami s rozlo\u017een\u00edm hmotnosti sp\u00f4sob\u00ed prekro\u010denie normy v oblasti statick\u00e9ho a dynamick\u00e9ho vyv\u00e1\u017eenia. Okrem toho s\u00fa ty\u010de klietky rotora motora s klietkou poru\u0161en\u00e9, \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje nevyv\u00e1\u017eenos\u0165 sily magnetick\u00e9ho po\u013ea na rotore a zotrva\u010dnej sily rotora, \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje vibr\u00e1cie. V motore ch\u00fdba f\u00e1za a nap\u00e1janie ka\u017edej f\u00e1zy je nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9. Vibr\u00e1cie m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobova\u0165 aj in\u00e9 d\u00f4vody. Vinutie statora motora v d\u00f4sledku kvality prev\u00e1dzky procesu in\u0161tal\u00e1cie sp\u00f4sobuje, \u017ee odpor medzi vinutiami ka\u017edej f\u00e1zy je nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd, \u010do m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledok nerovnomern\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 pole a nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fa elektromagnetick\u00fa silu. T\u00e1to elektromagnetick\u00e1 sila sa st\u00e1va budiacou silou, ktor\u00e1 sp\u00f4sobuje vibr\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

6. V\u00fdber \u010derpadla a premenliv\u00e9 prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e9 podmienky.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010derpadlo m\u00e1 svoj vlastn\u00fd menovit\u00fd pracovn\u00fd bod. To, \u010di s\u00fa skuto\u010dn\u00e9 prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e9 podmienky v s\u00falade s n\u00e1vrhov\u00fdmi podmienkami, m\u00e1 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd vplyv na dynamick\u00fa stabilitu fluoroplastov\u00e9ho odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla. Fluoroplastov\u00e9 odstrediv\u00e9 \u010derpadl\u00e1 pracuj\u00fa za projektovan\u00fdch pracovn\u00fdch podmienok relat\u00edvne stabilne, ale pri prev\u00e1dzke za premenliv\u00fdch pracovn\u00fdch podmienok sa vibr\u00e1cie zvy\u0161uj\u00fa v d\u00f4sledku radi\u00e1lnej sily vznikaj\u00facej v obe\u017enom kolese; nespr\u00e1vny v\u00fdber jednotliv\u00fdch \u010derpadiel alebo paraleln\u00e9 zapojenie dvoch nezhodn\u00fdch \u010derpadiel, \u010do v\u0161etko sp\u00f4sob\u00ed vibr\u00e1cie \u010derpadla.<\/p>\n

7. Lo\u017eisk\u00e1 a mazanie.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ak je tuhos\u0165 lo\u017eiska pr\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzka, prv\u00e1 kritick\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 sa zn\u00ed\u017ei, \u010do sp\u00f4sob\u00ed vibr\u00e1cie. Okrem toho slab\u00e1 v\u00fdkonnos\u0165 lo\u017eiska vedie k n\u00edzkej odolnosti proti opotrebovaniu, zlej fix\u00e1cii a nadmernej v\u00f4li lo\u017eiska, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee \u013eahko sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 vibr\u00e1cie; a opotrebovanie axi\u00e1lnych lo\u017e\u00edsk a in\u00fdch valiv\u00fdch lo\u017e\u00edsk z\u00e1rove\u0148 zv\u00fd\u0161i pozd\u013a\u017ene vibr\u00e1cie a ohybov\u00e9 vibr\u00e1cie hriade\u013ea. Poruchy mazania sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 nespr\u00e1vnym v\u00fdberom mazacieho oleja, zhor\u0161en\u00edm kvality, nadmern\u00fdm obsahom ne\u010dist\u00f4t a zl\u00fdm mazac\u00edm potrub\u00edm sp\u00f4sobia zhor\u0161enie pracovn\u00e9ho stavu lo\u017eiska a sp\u00f4sobia vibr\u00e1cie. Samovybudenie olejov\u00e9ho filmu klzn\u00e9ho lo\u017eiska motora tie\u017e sp\u00f4sob\u00ed vibr\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

8. Potrubie a jeho in\u0161tal\u00e1cia a upevnenie.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Podpera v\u00fdstupn\u00e9ho potrubia fluoroplastov\u00e9ho odstrediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla nie je dostato\u010dne tuh\u00e1 a pr\u00edli\u0161 sa deformuje, \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje, \u017ee potrubie tla\u010d\u00ed na teleso \u010derpadla, \u010do po\u0161kodzuje s\u00faosos\u0165 telesa \u010derpadla a motora; potrubie je po\u010das in\u0161tal\u00e1cie pr\u00edli\u0161 tuh\u00e9 a vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie je ve\u013ek\u00e9, ke\u010f s\u00fa vstupn\u00e9 a v\u00fdstupn\u00e9 potrubia pripojen\u00e9 k \u010derpadlu; vstupn\u00e9 a v\u00fdstupn\u00e9 potrubie je vo\u013en\u00e9 a obmedzuj\u00faca tuhos\u0165 sa zni\u017euje alebo dokonca zlyh\u00e1va; \u010das\u0165 v\u00fdstupn\u00e9ho prietokov\u00e9ho kan\u00e1la je \u00faplne zlomen\u00e1 a \u00falomky uviaznu v obe\u017enom kolese; potrubie nie je hladk\u00e9, napr\u00edklad vzduchov\u00e9 vaky na v\u00fdstupe; v\u00fdstupn\u00fd ventil odpad\u00e1va alebo sa neotv\u00e1ra; na vstupe je nas\u00e1vanie vzduchu, nerovnomern\u00e9 prietokov\u00e9 pole a kol\u00edsanie tlaku. Tieto d\u00f4vody priamo alebo nepriamo sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa vibr\u00e1cie \u010derpadla a potrubia.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Shaft. Pumps with longer shafts are prone to insufficient shaft stiffness, too much deflection, and poor shaft straightness, which causes friction between the moving parts (drive shaft) and the static parts (sliding bearings or mouth rings), resulting in vibration. In addition, the shaft of the fluoroplastic centrifugal pump is too long, and the impact […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1365,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[36],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1363"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1363"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1363\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1365"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1363"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1363"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1363"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}