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<\/p>\nMagnetick\u00e9 \u010derpadlo sa sklad\u00e1 z troch \u010dast\u00ed: \u010derpadla, magnetick\u00e9ho prevodu a motora. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165, magnetick\u00fd prevod, sa sklad\u00e1 z vonkaj\u0161ieho magnetick\u00e9ho rotora, vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho magnetick\u00e9ho rotora a nemagnetick\u00e9ho izola\u010dn\u00e9ho puzdra. Ke\u010f motor poh\u00e1\u0148a vonkaj\u0161\u00ed magnetick\u00fd rotor, aby sa ot\u00e1\u010dal, magnetick\u00e9 pole m\u00f4\u017ee prenikn\u00fa\u0165 cez vzduchov\u00fa medzeru a nemagnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, \u010d\u00edm poh\u00e1\u0148a vn\u00fatorn\u00fd magnetick\u00fd rotor pripojen\u00fd k obe\u017en\u00e9mu kolesu, aby sa synchr\u00f3nne ot\u00e1\u010dal, \u010d\u00edm sa realizuje bezkontaktn\u00fd prenos energie a dynamick\u00e9 tesnenie sa men\u00ed na statick\u00e9 tesnenie. Ke\u010f\u017ee hriade\u013e \u010derpadla a vn\u00fatorn\u00fd magnetick\u00fd rotor s\u00fa \u00faplne uzavret\u00e9 telesom \u010derpadla a izola\u010dn\u00fdm puzdrom, probl\u00e9m \"behu, bublania, kvapkania a \u00faniku\" je \u00faplne vyrie\u0161en\u00fd, \u010d\u00edm sa eliminuje bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 riziko \u00faniku hor\u013eav\u00fdch, v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdch, toxick\u00fdch a \u0161kodliv\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed cez tesnenie \u010derpadla v rafin\u00e9rskom a chemickom priemysle a \u00fa\u010dinne sa zabezpe\u010duje ochrana \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia, bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 v\u00fdroba a \u010fal\u0161ie potreby.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
1. Princ\u00edp \u010dinnosti a kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00e9 charakteristiky magnetick\u00e9ho \u010derpadla<\/strong><\/p>\n N p\u00e1rov magnetov (n je p\u00e1rne \u010d\u00edslo) je pravidelne usporiadan\u00fdch a zostaven\u00fdch na vn\u00fatornom a vonkaj\u0161om magnetickom rotore magnetickej prevodovky tak, aby magnetick\u00e9 \u010dasti tvorili kompletn\u00fd spojen\u00fd magnetick\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Ke\u010f s\u00fa vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 a vonkaj\u0161ie magnetick\u00e9 p\u00f3ly navz\u00e1jom proti\u013eahl\u00e9, t. j. uhol posunutia medzi oboma magnetick\u00fdmi p\u00f3lmi je \u03a6 = 0, magnetick\u00e1 energia magnetick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu je mal\u00e1; ke\u010f sa magnetick\u00e9 p\u00f3ly ot\u00e1\u010daj\u00fa k rovnak\u00fdm p\u00f3lom, t. j. uhol posunutia medzi oboma magnetick\u00fdmi p\u00f3lmi je \u03a6 = 2\u03c0\/n, magnetick\u00e1 energia magnetick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu je ve\u013ek\u00e1. Po odstr\u00e1nen\u00ed vonkaj\u0161ej sily sa magnetick\u00e9 p\u00f3ly magnetickej s\u00fastavy navz\u00e1jom odpudzuj\u00fa a magnetick\u00e1 sila obnov\u00ed magnet do stavu n\u00edzkej magnetickej energie. Potom sa magnet pohybuje a poh\u00e1\u0148a magnetick\u00fd rotor, ktor\u00fd sa ot\u00e1\u010da.<\/p>\n a. Vn\u00fatorn\u00e1 a vonkaj\u0161ia magnetick\u00e1 oce\u013e<\/p>\n Permanentn\u00fd magnet vyroben\u00fd z materi\u00e1lu permanentn\u00e9ho magnetu zo vz\u00e1cnych zem\u00edn m\u00e1 \u0161irok\u00fd rozsah pracovn\u00fdch tepl\u00f4t (-45-400 \u2103), vysok\u00fa koercivitu, dobr\u00fa anizotropiu v smere magnetick\u00e9ho po\u013ea a nedoch\u00e1dza k demagnetiz\u00e1cii, ke\u010f s\u00fa rovnak\u00e9 p\u00f3ly bl\u00edzko seba. Je to dobr\u00fd zdroj magnetick\u00e9ho po\u013ea.<\/p>\n b. Izola\u010dn\u00e9 puzdro<\/p>\n Pri pou\u017eit\u00ed kovov\u00e9ho izola\u010dn\u00e9ho puzdra sa izola\u010dn\u00e9 puzdro nach\u00e1dza v striedavom magnetickom poli so s\u00ednusov\u00fdm priebehom a na priereze kolmom na smer magnetick\u00fdch silo\u010diar sa indukuj\u00fa v\u00edriv\u00e9 pr\u00fady, ktor\u00e9 sa premie\u0148aj\u00fa na teplo. Vyjadrenie v\u00edriv\u00fdch pr\u00fadov je:. Medzi nimi: Pe - v\u00edriv\u00fd pr\u00fad; K - kon\u0161tanta; n - menovit\u00e9 ot\u00e1\u010dky \u010derpadla; T - magnetick\u00fd prenosov\u00fd moment; F - tlak v di\u0161tan\u010dnej vlo\u017eke; D - vn\u00fatorn\u00fd priemer di\u0161tan\u010dnej vlo\u017eky; - rezistivita materi\u00e1lu; - pevnos\u0165 materi\u00e1lu v \u0165ahu. Pri n\u00e1vrhu \u010derpadla s\u00fa n a T dan\u00e9 pracovn\u00fdmi podmienkami. Na zn\u00ed\u017eenie v\u00edriv\u00fdch pr\u00fadov sa m\u00f4\u017eu bra\u0165 do \u00favahy len F, D at\u010f. Izola\u010dn\u00e9 puzdro je vyroben\u00e9 z nekovov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu F46 s vysok\u00fdm odporom a vysokou pevnos\u0165ou, ktor\u00fd je ve\u013emi \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd pri zni\u017eovan\u00ed v\u00edriv\u00fdch pr\u00fadov. V\u00fdstu\u017en\u00e1 obj\u00edmka je vyroben\u00e1 z leteck\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu PEEK (poly\u00e9terket\u00f3n) s vysokou odolnos\u0165ou vo\u010di tlaku 3Mpa, ktor\u00fd je najlep\u0161ou vo\u013ebou na dopravu m\u00e9di\u00ed s vysokou \u0161pecifickou hmotnos\u0165ou, ako je 98 koncentrovan\u00e1 kyselina s\u00edrov\u00e1 a br\u00f3m.<\/p>\n c. Klzn\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1<\/p>\n Medzi materi\u00e1ly klzn\u00fdch lo\u017e\u00edsk magnetick\u00fdch \u010derpadiel patr\u00ed impregnovan\u00fd grafit, plnen\u00fd polytetraflu\u00f3retyl\u00e9n, technick\u00e1 keramika at\u010f. Ke\u010f\u017ee technick\u00e1 keramika m\u00e1 dobr\u00fa tepeln\u00fa odolnos\u0165, odolnos\u0165 proti kor\u00f3zii a treniu, klzn\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1 magnetick\u00fdch \u010derpadiel s\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou vyroben\u00e9 z technickej keramiky. Ke\u010f\u017ee technick\u00e1 keramika je ve\u013emi krehk\u00e1 a m\u00e1 mal\u00fd koeficient roz\u0165a\u017enosti, v\u00f4\u013ea lo\u017eiska nesmie by\u0165 pr\u00edli\u0161 mal\u00e1, aby sa predi\u0161lo nehod\u00e1m so zachyten\u00edm hriade\u013ea. Ke\u010f\u017ee klzn\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1 magnetick\u00fdch \u010derpadiel s\u00fa mazan\u00e9 prepravovan\u00fdm m\u00e9diom, na v\u00fdrobu lo\u017e\u00edsk by sa mali zvoli\u0165 r\u00f4zne materi\u00e1ly pod\u013ea r\u00f4znych m\u00e9di\u00ed a prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fdch podmienok.<\/p>\n d. Ochrann\u00e9 opatrenia<\/p>\n Ak s\u00fa hnacie \u010dasti magnetick\u00e9ho prevodu v prev\u00e1dzke pod pre\u0165a\u017een\u00edm alebo sa rotor zasekne, hlavn\u00e9 a hnacie \u010dasti magnetick\u00e9ho prevodu sa automaticky odpojia, aby chr\u00e1nili \u010derpadlo. V tomto \u010dase bud\u00fa permanentn\u00e9 magnety na magnetickom prevode p\u00f4soben\u00edm striedav\u00e9ho magnetick\u00e9ho po\u013ea akt\u00edvneho rotora vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 v\u00edriv\u00e9 straty a magnetick\u00e9 straty, \u010do sp\u00f4sob\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161enie teploty permanentn\u00fdch magnetov a sk\u013aznutie a poruchu magnetick\u00e9ho prevodu.<\/p>\n e. Regul\u00e1cia prietoku chladiacej a mazacej kvapaliny<\/p>\n Ke\u010f je \u010derpadlo v chode, mus\u00ed sa pou\u017ei\u0165 mal\u00e9 mno\u017estvo kvapaliny na prepl\u00e1chnutie a ochladenie oblasti kruhovej medzery medzi vn\u00fatorn\u00fdm magnetick\u00fdm rotorom a izola\u010dn\u00fdm puzdrom a trecej dvojice klzn\u00e9ho lo\u017eiska. Prietok chladiacej kvapaliny je zvy\u010dajne 2%-3% kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00e9ho prietoku \u010derpadla. V oblasti prstencovej medzery medzi vn\u00fatorn\u00fdm magnetick\u00fdm rotorom a izola\u010dn\u00fdm puzdrom vznik\u00e1 ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo tepla v d\u00f4sledku v\u00edriv\u00fdch pr\u00fadov. Ak je chladiaca a mazacia kvapalina nedostato\u010dn\u00e1 alebo je preplachovac\u00ed otvor zablokovan\u00fd, teplota m\u00e9dia bude vy\u0161\u0161ia ako pracovn\u00e1 teplota permanentn\u00e9ho magnetu, \u010do sp\u00f4sob\u00ed, \u017ee vn\u00fatorn\u00fd magnetick\u00fd rotor postupne strat\u00ed svoj magnetizmus a magnetick\u00fd prenos zlyh\u00e1. Ak je m\u00e9diom voda alebo kvapalina na b\u00e1ze vody, n\u00e1rast teploty v oblasti kruhovej medzery sa m\u00f4\u017ee udr\u017eiava\u0165 na 3 - 5 \u00b0C; ak je m\u00e9diom uh\u013eovod\u00edk alebo olej, n\u00e1rast teploty v oblasti kruhovej medzery sa m\u00f4\u017ee udr\u017eiava\u0165 na 5 - 8 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n 2. Materi\u00e1l a v\u00fdber<\/strong><\/p>\n a. \u010cerpadlo spravidla pou\u017e\u00edva vysokopevnostn\u00e9 technick\u00e9 plasty odoln\u00e9 proti kor\u00f3zii (F46). Ak je uhol v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed ako 90\u00b0, ako v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa (dov\u00e1\u017ean\u00e9 japonsk\u00e9 PFA Daikin alebo americk\u00e9 PFA DuPont), nehrdzavej\u00faca oce\u013e at\u010f. Maj\u00fa dobr\u00fa odolnos\u0165 proti kor\u00f3zii a m\u00f4\u017eu chr\u00e1ni\u0165 prepravovan\u00e9 m\u00e9dium pred zne\u010disten\u00edm. Napr\u00edklad \u010das\u0165 magnetick\u00e9ho \u010derpadla s\u00e9rie CQB, ktor\u00e1 sa dot\u00fdka prepravovanej kvapaliny, je vyroben\u00e1 z fluoroplastovej zliatiny odolnej vo\u010di chemik\u00e1li\u00e1m. Fluoroplastov\u00e1 zliatina sa sklad\u00e1 z polyperflu\u00f3retyl\u00e9npropyl\u00e9nu s ultravysokou molekulovou hmotnos\u0165ou, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 termoplastifikovan\u00fd, a jedn\u00e9ho alebo viacer\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch plastov, pri\u010dom sa m\u00f4\u017eu prid\u00e1va\u0165 plniv\u00e1. Napr\u00edklad plastov\u00e1 zliatina zlo\u017een\u00e1 z polyperflu\u00f3retyl\u00e9npropyl\u00e9nu s ultravysokou molekulovou hmotnos\u0165ou a polytetraflu\u00f3retyl\u00e9nu, pri\u010dom prv\u00fd z nich predstavuje 0,1% a\u017e 99,9% hmotnosti a druh\u00fd predstavuje 99,9% a\u017e 0,1% hmotnosti. Vyr\u00e1ba sa met\u00f3dou mie\u0161ania such\u00e9ho pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9ho spolu mletia alebo such\u00e9ho pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9ho mokr\u00e9ho spolu mletia. Sprac\u00fava sa na r\u00f4zne v\u00fdrobky lisovan\u00edm za tepla alebo spekan\u00edm za studena, \u010d\u00edm sa prekon\u00e1va tok za studena a \u013eahk\u00e1 deform\u00e1cia polytetraflu\u00f3retyl\u00e9nu a m\u00f4\u017ee sa pred\u013a\u017ei\u0165 jeho \u017eivotnos\u0165.<\/p>\n b. Lo\u017eisk\u00e1 magnetick\u00e9ho \u010derpadla s\u00fa ponoren\u00e9 v dopravnom m\u00e9diu a s\u00fa mazan\u00e9 a chladen\u00e9 dopravn\u00fdm m\u00e9diom. V \u010c\u00edne sa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa grafitov\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1 (ISC alebo SSIC). Grafit, najm\u00e4 impregnovan\u00fd grafit, m\u00e1 dobr\u00e9 samomazanie, tepeln\u00fa odolnos\u0165 proti kor\u00f3zii, n\u00edzky koeficient trenia a \u0161irok\u00fd rozsah pou\u017eitia, ale grafit je krehk\u00fd a m\u00e1 n\u00edzku pevnos\u0165. Je ve\u013emi citliv\u00fd na ohyb hriade\u013ea a lok\u00e1lne pre\u0165a\u017eenie, preto je potrebn\u00e9 venova\u0165 mu osobitn\u00fa pozornos\u0165. Trojvrstvov\u00e9 kompozitn\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1 s oce\u013eou ako matricou, p\u00f3rovit\u00fdm bronzom ako strednou vrstvou a plastom ako povrchovou vrstvou maj\u00fa vysok\u00fa pevnos\u0165 v tlaku, n\u00edzky koeficient trenia, stabiln\u00e9 rozmery a tlmenie zvuku a n\u00e1razov a v posledn\u00fdch rokoch sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n 3. V\u00fdhody magnetick\u00fdch \u010derpadiel<\/strong><\/p>\n V porovnan\u00ed s odstrediv\u00fdmi \u010derpadlami, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa mechanick\u00e9 tesnenia alebo tesniace tesnenia, maj\u00fa magnetick\u00e9 \u010derpadl\u00e1 tieto v\u00fdhody.<\/p>\n a. Hriade\u013e \u010derpadla sa men\u00ed z dynamick\u00e9ho tesnenia na uzavret\u00e9 statick\u00e9 tesnenie, ktor\u00e9 \u00faplne zabra\u0148uje \u00faniku m\u00e9dia. 4. Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 opatrenia pre prev\u00e1dzku<\/strong><\/p>\n a. Zabr\u00e1\u0148te vniknutiu \u010dast\u00edc 5. Prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e9 postupy magnetick\u00e9ho \u010derpadla<\/strong><\/p>\n a. Postup spustenia \u010derpadla: pred spusten\u00edm otvorte vstupn\u00fd ventil, napl\u0148te \u010derpadlo prepravovanou kvapalinou; zatvorte v\u00fdstupn\u00fd ventil; spustite elektrick\u00fd zdvih\u00e1k, aby ste skontrolovali, \u010di je \u010derpadlo v spr\u00e1vnom smere; po spusten\u00ed \u010derpadla by sa mal pomaly otvori\u0165 v\u00fdstupn\u00fd ventil a po dosiahnut\u00ed norm\u00e1lneho prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e9ho stavu \u010derpadla nastavte v\u00fdstupn\u00fd ventil na po\u017eadovan\u00e9 otvorenie. Sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00fa prev\u00e1dzku vykon\u00e1vajte 5 ~ 10 min\u00fat, ak sa nevyskytn\u00fa \u017eiadne abnormality, m\u00f4\u017ee sa uvies\u0165 do prev\u00e1dzky. The magnetic pump consists of three parts: a pump, a magnetic transmission, and a motor. The key component, the magnetic transmission, consists of an outer magnetic rotor, an inner magnetic rotor, and a non-magnetic isolation sleeve. When the motor drives the outer magnetic rotor to rotate, the magnetic field can penetrate the air gap and […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1355,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[36],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1354"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1354"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1354\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1355"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1354"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1354"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1354"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nb. Nie je potrebn\u00e9 samostatn\u00e9 mazanie a chladenie vodou, \u010do zni\u017euje spotrebu energie.
\nc. Pohon spojky sa zmen\u00ed na synchr\u00f3nny odpor a nedoch\u00e1dza ku kontaktu a treniu. M\u00e1 n\u00edzku spotrebu energie, vysok\u00fa \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 a \u00fa\u010dinky tlmenia a zni\u017eovania vibr\u00e1ci\u00ed, \u010do zni\u017euje vplyv vibr\u00e1ci\u00ed motora na \u010derpadlo a vplyv kavita\u010dn\u00fdch vibr\u00e1ci\u00ed na motor pri v\u00fdskyte \u010derpadla.
\nd. Pri pre\u0165a\u017een\u00ed sa vn\u00fatorn\u00fd a vonkaj\u0161\u00ed magnetick\u00fd rotor navz\u00e1jom pos\u00favaj\u00fa, \u010do m\u00e1 ochrann\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok na motor a \u010derpadlo.<\/p>\n
\n(1) Feromagnetick\u00e9 ne\u010distoty a \u010dastice sa nesm\u00fa dosta\u0165 do magnetick\u00e9ho prenosov\u00e9ho zariadenia a trecieho p\u00e1ru lo\u017eiska.
\n(2) Po dopraven\u00ed m\u00e9di\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 \u013eahko kry\u0161talizuj\u00fa alebo sa zr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa, ich v\u010das prepl\u00e1chnite (po zastaven\u00ed \u010derpadla napl\u0148te dutinu \u010derpadla \u010distou vodou a po 1 min\u00fate chodu ju vypustite), aby ste zabezpe\u010dili \u017eivotnos\u0165 klzn\u00e9ho lo\u017eiska.
\n(3) Ak dopravujete m\u00e9dium obsahuj\u00face pevn\u00e9 \u010dastice, filtrujte ho na vstupe do prietokov\u00e9ho potrubia \u010derpadla.
\nb. Zabr\u00e1\u0148te demagnetiz\u00e1cii
\n(1) Magnetick\u00fd moment nem\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 navrhnut\u00fd pr\u00edli\u0161 mal\u00fd.
\n(2) Mal by sa prev\u00e1dzkova\u0165 za stanoven\u00fdch teplotn\u00fdch podmienok a je pr\u00edsne zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 prekro\u010di\u0165 teplotu m\u00e9dia. Na vonkaj\u0161\u00ed povrch izola\u010dn\u00e9ho puzdra magnetick\u00e9ho \u010derpadla mo\u017eno nain\u0161talova\u0165 platinov\u00fd odporov\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d teploty, ktor\u00fd zis\u0165uje n\u00e1rast teploty v oblasti kruhovej medzery, aby sa pri prekro\u010den\u00ed limitnej teploty spustil alarm alebo vypnutie.
\nc. Zabr\u00e1\u0148te such\u00e9mu treniu
\n(1) Je pr\u00edsne zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 ne\u010dinne beha\u0165.
\n(2) Je pr\u00edsne zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 evakuova\u0165 m\u00e9dium.
\n(3) Ke\u010f je v\u00fdstupn\u00fd ventil zatvoren\u00fd, \u010derpadlo by nemalo be\u017ea\u0165 nepretr\u017eite dlh\u0161ie ako 2 min\u00faty, aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo prehriatiu a poruche magnetick\u00e9ho prevodov\u00e9ho zariadenia.<\/p>\n
\nb. Postup zastavenia: zatvorte v\u00fdstupn\u00fd ventil; odpojte nap\u00e1janie; zatvorte pr\u00edvod. Ak sa \u010derpadlo dlh\u0161\u00ed \u010das nepou\u017e\u00edva, vy\u010distite prietokov\u00fd kan\u00e1l v \u010derpadle a odpojte nap\u00e1janie.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"