{"id":1363,"date":"2024-11-20T16:55:01","date_gmt":"2024-11-20T08:55:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/?p=1363"},"modified":"2024-11-20T16:55:01","modified_gmt":"2024-11-20T08:55:01","slug":"what-are-the-causes-of-centrifugal-pump-vibration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/what-are-the-causes-of-centrifugal-pump-vibration\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny vibrac\u00ed odst\u0159ediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla?"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. H\u0159\u00eddel.<\/strong>
\n\u010cerpadla s del\u0161\u00edmi h\u0159\u00eddeli jsou n\u00e1chyln\u00e1 k nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 tuhosti h\u0159\u00eddele, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9mu vych\u00fdlen\u00ed a \u0161patn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmosti h\u0159\u00eddele, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje t\u0159en\u00ed mezi pohybliv\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1stmi (hnac\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddel) a statick\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1stmi (kluzn\u00e1 lo\u017eiska nebo \u00fastn\u00ed krou\u017eky), co\u017e vede k vibrac\u00edm. Krom\u011b toho je h\u0159\u00eddel fluoroplastov\u00e9ho odst\u0159ediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouh\u00e1 a n\u00e1raz proud\u00edc\u00ed vody v baz\u00e9nu je pom\u011brn\u011b velk\u00fd, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje vibrace podvodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti \u010derpadla. Mezera vyva\u017eovac\u00ed desky na konci h\u0159\u00eddele je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e1 nebo je axi\u00e1ln\u00ed pracovn\u00ed pohyb nespr\u00e1vn\u011b nastaven, co\u017e zp\u016fsob\u00ed n\u00edzkofrekven\u010dn\u00ed pohyb h\u0159\u00eddele a vede k vibrac\u00edm lo\u017eisek. Excentricita rotuj\u00edc\u00edho h\u0159\u00eddele zp\u016fsob\u00ed ohybov\u00e9 vibrace h\u0159\u00eddele.<\/p>\n

2. Z\u00e1klad a dr\u017e\u00e1k \u010derpadla.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kontakt a upevn\u011bn\u00ed mezi r\u00e1mem pohonu a z\u00e1kladem jsou \u0161patn\u00e9 a z\u00e1klad a motorov\u00fd syst\u00e9m maj\u00ed \u0161patnou schopnost absorpce, p\u0159enosu a izolace vibrac\u00ed. Z\u00e1klad fluoroplastov\u00e9ho odst\u0159ediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla je uvoln\u011bn\u00fd nebo jednotka fluoroplastov\u00e9ho odst\u0159ediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed b\u011bhem instalace pru\u017en\u00fd z\u00e1klad nebo je tuhost bublinov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladu zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 pono\u0159en\u00edm do oleje oslaben\u00e1, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee \u010derpadlo vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed kritickou rychlost f\u00e1zov\u00e9ho rozd\u00edlu vibrac\u00ed, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje frekvenci vibrac\u00ed \u010derpadla. Pokud je frekvence vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch faktor\u016f bl\u00edzk\u00e1 nebo stejn\u00e1, amplituda \u010derpadla se zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho uvoln\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kladov\u00fdch \u0161roub\u016f sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed tuhost omezen\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se zhor\u0161\u00ed vibrace motoru.<\/p>\n

3. Spojka.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Obvodov\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost spojovac\u00edho \u0161roubu je \u0161patn\u00e1 a symetrie je naru\u0161ena; spojka je dlouh\u00e1 a excentrick\u00e1, co\u017e zp\u016fsob\u00ed vznik excentrick\u00e9 s\u00edly; ku\u017eel spojky je \u0161patn\u00fd; statick\u00e9 vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed nebo dynamick\u00e9 vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed spojky nen\u00ed dobr\u00e9; pru\u017en\u00fd \u010dep a spojka jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 t\u011bsn\u00e9, tak\u017ee funkce pru\u017en\u00e9ho nastaven\u00ed pru\u017en\u00e9ho \u010depu nem\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit, \u017ee koordina\u010dn\u00ed mezera mezi h\u0159\u00eddeli je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e1; v\u00fdkon spojky je sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje mechanick\u00e9 opot\u0159eben\u00ed pry\u017eov\u00e9ho krou\u017eku spojky; kvalita p\u0159evodov\u00fdch \u0161roub\u016f na spojce. Tyto d\u016fvody zp\u016fsob\u00ed vibrace.<\/p>\n

\"1120\"<\/p>\n

4. Faktory samotn\u00e9ho vodn\u00edho \u010derpadla.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Asymetrick\u00e9 tlakov\u00e9 pole generovan\u00e9 rotac\u00ed ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho kola; v\u00edr v sac\u00edm boxu a sac\u00ed trubce; vznik a z\u00e1nik v\u00edru v ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9m kole, spir\u00e1le a vodic\u00ed lopatce; vibrace zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 v\u00edrem zp\u016fsoben\u00fdm polovi\u010dn\u00edm otev\u0159en\u00edm ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho kola; nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdstupn\u00edho tlaku zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 omezen\u00fdm po\u010dtem lopatek ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho kola; nevyv\u00e1\u017eenost ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho kola; pr\u016fto\u010dn\u00fd kan\u00e1l; kavitace; pr\u016fto\u010dn\u00fd kan\u00e1l, ztr\u00e1ta t\u0159en\u00ed na n\u00e1b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 hran\u011b ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho kola; Krom\u011b toho, pokud se jedn\u00e1 o horkovodn\u00ed \u010derpadlo, pokud je p\u0159edeh\u0159ev \u010derpadla nerovnom\u011brn\u00fd nebo syst\u00e9m kluzn\u00fdch \u010dep\u016f \u010derpadla nefunguje spr\u00e1vn\u011b, co\u017e m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek tepelnou rozta\u017enost \u010derpadlov\u00e9 skupiny, zp\u016fsob\u00ed to siln\u00e9 vibrace ve f\u00e1zi spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed; tepeln\u00e1 rozta\u017enost a dal\u0161\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed nelze uvolnit, co\u017e zp\u016fsob\u00ed zm\u011bnu tuhosti nosn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu rotoru a zm\u011bnu tuhosti a \u00fahlov\u00e9 frekvence syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

5. Motor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Uvoln\u011bn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti motoru, uvoln\u011bn\u00e9 polohovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed lo\u017eisek, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 voln\u00e9 j\u00e1dro z k\u0159em\u00edkov\u00e9ho plechu a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 tuhost podpory v d\u016fsledku opot\u0159eben\u00ed lo\u017eisek zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed vibrace. Nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed hmotnosti rotoru zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 excentricitou hmotnosti, ohybem rotoru nebo probl\u00e9my s rozlo\u017een\u00edm hmotnosti zp\u016fsob\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed normy pro statick\u00e9 a dynamick\u00e9 vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho jsou klecov\u00e9 ty\u010de rotoru motoru s klecov\u00fdm pohonem poru\u0161eny, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje nevyv\u00e1\u017eenost s\u00edly magnetick\u00e9ho pole na rotoru a s\u00edly setrva\u010dnosti ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed rotoru, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje vibrace. V motoru chyb\u00ed f\u00e1ze a nap\u00e1jen\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed je nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9. Vibrace mohou zp\u016fsobovat i jin\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny. Statorov\u00e9 vinut\u00ed motoru v d\u016fsledku kvality provozu instala\u010dn\u00edho procesu zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee odpor mezi vinut\u00edmi ka\u017ed\u00e9 f\u00e1ze je nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd, co\u017e m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 pole a nevyv\u00e1\u017eenou elektromagnetickou s\u00edlu. Tato elektromagnetick\u00e1 s\u00edla se st\u00e1v\u00e1 budic\u00ed silou, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje vibrace.<\/p>\n

6. V\u00fdb\u011br \u010derpadla a prom\u011bnliv\u00e9 provozn\u00ed podm\u00ednky.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010derpadlo m\u00e1 sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed jmenovit\u00fd provozn\u00ed bod. To, zda skute\u010dn\u00e9 provozn\u00ed podm\u00ednky odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed n\u00e1vrhov\u00fdm, m\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd vliv na dynamickou stabilitu fluoroplastov\u00e9ho odst\u0159ediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla. Fluoroplastov\u00e1 odst\u0159ediv\u00e1 \u010derpadla pracuj\u00ed za projektovan\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednek relativn\u011b stabiln\u011b, ale p\u0159i provozu za prom\u011bnliv\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednek se vibrace zvy\u0161uj\u00ed v d\u016fsledku radi\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edly vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed v ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9m kole; nespr\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br jednotliv\u00fdch \u010derpadel nebo paraleln\u00ed spojen\u00ed dvou nesourod\u00fdch \u010derpadel, co\u017e v\u0161e zp\u016fsob\u00ed vibrace \u010derpadla.<\/p>\n

7. Lo\u017eiska a maz\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pokud je tuhost lo\u017eiska p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzk\u00e1, sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se prvn\u00ed kritick\u00e1 rychlost, co\u017e zp\u016fsob\u00ed vibrace. Krom\u011b toho vede \u0161patn\u00fd v\u00fdkon lo\u017eiska ke \u0161patn\u00e9 odolnosti proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, \u0161patn\u00e9 fixaci a nadm\u011brn\u00e9 v\u016fli lo\u017eiska, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee snadno zp\u016fsobit vibrace; a opot\u0159eben\u00ed axi\u00e1ln\u00edch lo\u017eisek a dal\u0161\u00edch valiv\u00fdch lo\u017eisek sou\u010dasn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed pod\u00e9ln\u00e9 vibrace a ohybov\u00e9 vibrace h\u0159\u00eddele. Poruchy maz\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 nespr\u00e1vn\u00fdm v\u00fdb\u011brem mazac\u00edho oleje, zhor\u0161en\u00edm jeho kvality, nadm\u011brn\u00fdm obsahem ne\u010distot a \u0161patn\u00fdm mazac\u00edm potrub\u00edm zp\u016fsob\u00ed zhor\u0161en\u00ed pracovn\u00edho stavu lo\u017eiska a zp\u016fsob\u00ed vibrace. Vibrace zp\u016fsob\u00ed tak\u00e9 samovybuzov\u00e1n\u00ed olejov\u00e9ho filmu kluzn\u00e9ho lo\u017eiska motoru.<\/p>\n

8. Potrub\u00ed a jeho instalace a upevn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Podp\u011bra v\u00fdstupn\u00edho potrub\u00ed fluoroplastov\u00e9ho odst\u0159ediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b tuh\u00e1 a p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 se deformuje, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee potrub\u00ed tla\u010d\u00ed na t\u011bleso \u010derpadla, co\u017e po\u0161kozuje souosost t\u011blesa \u010derpadla a motoru; potrub\u00ed je p\u0159i instalaci p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 tuh\u00e9 a p\u0159i p\u0159ipojen\u00ed vstupn\u00edho a v\u00fdstupn\u00edho potrub\u00ed k \u010derpadlu je vnit\u0159n\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed velk\u00e9; vstupn\u00ed a v\u00fdstupn\u00ed potrub\u00ed je voln\u00e9 a omezuj\u00edc\u00ed tuhost se sni\u017euje nebo dokonce selh\u00e1v\u00e1; \u010d\u00e1st v\u00fdstupn\u00edho pr\u016fto\u010dn\u00e9ho kan\u00e1lu je zcela p\u0159eru\u0161ena a \u00falomky uv\u00edznou v ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9m kole; potrub\u00ed nen\u00ed hladk\u00e9, nap\u0159\u00edklad vzduchov\u00e9 vaky na v\u00fdstupu; v\u00fdstupn\u00ed ventil odpad\u00e1 nebo nen\u00ed otev\u0159en; na vstupu doch\u00e1z\u00ed k nas\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vzduchu, nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9mu pr\u016fto\u010dn\u00e9mu poli a kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed tlaku. Tyto p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny p\u0159\u00edmo nebo nep\u0159\u00edmo zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed vibrace \u010derpadla a potrub\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Shaft. Pumps with longer shafts are prone to insufficient shaft stiffness, too much deflection, and poor shaft straightness, which causes friction between the moving parts (drive shaft) and the static parts (sliding bearings or mouth rings), resulting in vibration. In addition, the shaft of the fluoroplastic centrifugal pump is too long, and the impact […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1365,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[36],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1363"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1363"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1363\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1365"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1363"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1363"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1363"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}