\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed stability \u010derpadel v procesn\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu lze rozd\u011blit do t\u0159\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed:<\/p>\n
1) V\u00fdb\u011br \u010derpadla a stanoven\u00ed stability p\u0159ed instalac\u00ed;<\/p>\n
2) P\u0159\u00edprava na spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed;<\/p>\n
3) Zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stability po spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Aby odst\u0159ediv\u00e1 \u010derpadla fungovala efektivn\u011bji a stabiln\u011bji, mus\u00ed odv\u00e1d\u011bt dobrou pr\u00e1ci v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch 10 aspektech.<\/p>\n
1. V\u00fdb\u011br \u010derpadla<\/strong><\/p>\n Pokud je odst\u0159ediv\u00e9 \u010derpadlo provozov\u00e1no za podm\u00ednek bl\u00edzk\u00fdch konstruk\u010dn\u00edm, lze obecn\u011b dos\u00e1hnout dobr\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu a interval\u016f \u00fadr\u017eby. Je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee \"n\u00e1vrh\" se t\u00fdk\u00e1 nejen tlaku, pr\u016ftoku, teploty a dal\u0161\u00edch procesn\u00edch parametr\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 tlaku a pohybu p\u0159\u00edrub, tlaku a pohybu spojek, maz\u00e1n\u00ed lo\u017eisek a podobn\u00fdch mechanick\u00fdch faktor\u016f. \u010cerpadla se starou konstrukc\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt provozov\u00e1na pouze po kr\u00e1tkou dobu za nen\u00e1vrhov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek a pot\u00e9 se \u00farove\u0148 v\u00fdkonu \u010derpadla sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. Proto by m\u011bla b\u00fdt vyb\u00edr\u00e1na \u010derpadla, kter\u00e1 pracuj\u00ed v bl\u00edzkosti bodu maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti (BEP).<\/p>\n Odst\u0159ediv\u00e1 \u010derpadla s vysok\u00fdmi specifick\u00fdmi ot\u00e1\u010dkami s\u00e1n\u00ed mohou obvykle dos\u00e1hnout dobr\u00fdch provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednek pouze v \u00fazk\u00e9m rozmez\u00ed. U \u010derpadel s vysokou v\u00fdtla\u010dnou v\u00fd\u0161kou, kter\u00e1 se sna\u017e\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt velk\u00e9 vstupy ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho kola ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed NPSHR, doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke zp\u011btn\u00e9mu toku.<\/p>\n \u010cerpadla s n\u00edzkou NPSHR maj\u00ed specifick\u00e9 sac\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky kolem 12 000. Pokud se norm\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016ftok odchyluje od pr\u016ftoku BEP, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k vnit\u0159n\u00edmu zp\u011btn\u00e9mu proud\u011bn\u00ed, co\u017e sni\u017euje stabilitu \u010derpadla. Turbulence mohou zp\u016fsobit erozi ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho kola a p\u016fsoben\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 ucp\u00e1vky, zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed lo\u017eisek a vych\u00fdlen\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele. O\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 \u017eivotnost sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed odst\u0159ediv\u00e9ho \u010derpadla je ovlivn\u011bna mnoha faktory, v\u010detn\u011b m\u011brn\u00e9 rychlosti s\u00e1n\u00ed \u010derpadla, procenta pr\u016ftoku (Qactual\/QBEP), rezervy NPSH (NPSHA-NPSHR), n\u00e1r\u016fstu v\u00fd\u0161ky v ka\u017ed\u00e9m stupni a konstrukce sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b \u010derpadla. Popt\u00e1vka u\u017eivatel\u016f po \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch, levn\u00fdch a n\u00edzk\u00fdch NPSHR \u010derpadlech zp\u016fsobila, \u017ee m\u011brn\u00e9 sac\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky p\u0159es\u00e1hly 12 000, kdy se skute\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016ftok m\u00e9n\u011b odchyluje od pr\u016ftoku BEP. Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011brn\u00e9 sac\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky \u010derpadla by se m\u011bly pohybovat kolem 8 500.<\/p>\n 2. V\u00fdb\u011br t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n Ucp\u00e1vky ustoupily z historick\u00e9ho stadia, hojn\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 ucp\u00e1vky a such\u00e9 plynov\u00e9 ucp\u00e1vky a b\u011b\u017en\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 ucp\u00e1vky. Mechanick\u00e1 t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed jsou velmi vysp\u011bl\u00e1, pokud jde o v\u00fdrobky a technologie. Materi\u00e1l \u010deln\u00ed strany t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt schopen rychle odv\u00e1d\u011bt vznikl\u00e9 teplo, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo odpa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed kapaliny. Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je d\u00edky sv\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 vodivosti a vysok\u00e9 tvrdosti prvn\u00ed volbou pro materi\u00e1ly t\u011bsnic\u00edch \u010deln\u00edch ploch. P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru \u010derpadla je t\u0159eba pe\u010dliv\u011b zv\u00e1\u017eit \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed proplachu t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n 3. Tlak v potrub\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n Kdy\u017e je trubka se\u0161roubov\u00e1na s p\u0159\u00edrubou sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b \u010derpadla, p\u016fsob\u00ed na \u010derpadlo vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tlak zp\u016fsoben\u00fd hmotnost\u00ed trubky, tepelnou rozta\u017enost\u00ed a hmotnost\u00ed procesn\u00ed kapaliny. Tyto tlaky zp\u016fsob\u00ed deformaci pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u010derpadla, vnit\u0159n\u00ed posuny, t\u0159en\u00ed mezi pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bm \u010derpadla, ob\u011b\u017en\u00fdm kolem a h\u0159\u00eddel\u00ed, a dokonce i zad\u0159en\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele. Budou vytv\u00e1\u0159et to\u010div\u00fd moment v okol\u00ed \u010derpadla a zp\u016fsobovat odchylky mezi \u010derpadlem a hnac\u00edm h\u0159\u00eddelem, co\u017e zp\u016fsob\u00ed p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed spojky, lo\u017eiska nebo mechanick\u00e9 ucp\u00e1vky. Proto je t\u0159eba stanovit limity pro tlak a to\u010div\u00fd moment t\u011bchto potrub\u00ed. Pro konstrukt\u00e9ry potrub\u00ed jsou t\u011bmito limity maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnoty tlaku, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee potrub\u00ed na \u010derpadlo vyv\u00edjet.<\/p>\n 4. Skladov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n Pot\u00e9, co je \u010derpadlo spr\u00e1vn\u011b navr\u017eeno a objedn\u00e1no, za\u0161le prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed \u010derpadlo kupuj\u00edc\u00edmu a po\u010dk\u00e1 na jeho instalaci. V\u0161echna \u010derpadla jsou zabalena do nepromokav\u00e9 plachty, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e je t\u0159eba db\u00e1t na to, aby plachta zcela zakr\u00fdvala horn\u00ed a doln\u00ed konec \u010derpadla, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed lo\u017eisek a spojek prachem. \u010cerpadlo by m\u011blo b\u00fdt um\u00edst\u011bno na m\u00edst\u011b odoln\u00e9m proti de\u0161ti a prachu, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo hromad\u011bn\u00ed prachu a vlhkosti.<\/p>\n 5. Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed \u010derpadla<\/strong><\/p>\n Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed \u010derpadla je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro provozn\u00ed bod a bod \u00fadr\u017eby. Aby byly zaji\u0161t\u011bny dobr\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pr\u016ftoku, m\u011blo by b\u00fdt \u010derpadlo co nejbl\u00ed\u017ee konci p\u0159\u00edvodu kapaliny. Pokud je dostatek m\u00edsta, m\u011bl by b\u00fdt vstup \u010derpadla n\u00ed\u017ee ne\u017e hladina p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 kapaliny. Kolem \u010derpadla ponechte dostate\u010dn\u00fd prostor pro kontrolu a \u00fadr\u017ebu. V horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti \u010derpadla ponechte dostatek prostoru pro zved\u00e1n\u00ed nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u010derpadla pomoc\u00ed vysokozdvi\u017en\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu a \u0159et\u011bzov\u00e9ho zved\u00e1ku. \u010cerpadlo instalujte na \u010dist\u00e9m a such\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b a sna\u017ete se vyhnout \u0161pinav\u00fdm, pra\u0161n\u00fdm nebo vlhk\u00fdm prostor\u00e1m.<\/p>\n 6. Nadace<\/strong><\/p>\n Z\u00e1klad \u010derpadla mus\u00ed b\u00fdt pe\u010dliv\u011b navr\u017een tak, aby zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u010derpadla a jeho pohonu nep\u0159ekro\u010dilo \u00fanosnost p\u016fdy. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echna \u010derpadla se instaluj\u00ed na betonov\u00e9 z\u00e1klady, proto\u017ee tento materi\u00e1l je levn\u00fd a velmi pevn\u00fd.<\/p>\n 7. Instalace \u010derpadla<\/strong><\/p>\n Jedn\u00edm z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch faktor\u016f \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho provozu a \u00fadr\u017eby \u010derpadel v\u0161ech t\u0159\u00edd a typ\u016f je spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 instalace. Spr\u00e1vn\u011b nainstalovan\u00e9 \u010derpadlo m\u016f\u017ee z\u016fstat dlouho v kalibrovan\u00e9 poloze, s men\u0161\u00edm \u00fanikem a vibracemi z t\u011blesa a p\u0159\u00edrub \u010derpadla.<\/p>\n 8. P\u0159ipojen\u00ed potrub\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n Zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed na potrubn\u00ed syst\u00e9m mohou v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivnit stabilitu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 rozta\u017enost\u00ed potrub\u00ed nebo z jin\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f mohou zp\u016fsobit vych\u00fdlen\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele, deformaci sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b \u010derpadla a vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 ru\u0161en\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edch rotuj\u00edc\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. \u010c\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b je proto potrubn\u00ed syst\u00e9m na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nam\u00e1h\u00e1n, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe.<\/p>\n 9. \u010ci\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed potrub\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n Mezi rotuj\u00edc\u00edmi \u010d\u00e1stmi \u010derpadla jsou mezery a je nutn\u00e9 zabr\u00e1nit tomu, aby je abrazivn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice v nov\u00e9m potrubn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu po\u0161kodily. Abrazivn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice usazen\u00e9 v rotuj\u00edc\u00ed meze\u0159e \u010derpadla zp\u016fsob\u00ed odstaven\u00ed \u010derpadla a n\u00e1klady na \u00fadr\u017ebu jsou velmi vysok\u00e9. Aby se sn\u00ed\u017eila mo\u017enost vniknut\u00ed abrazivn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stic do \u010derpadla, instaluje se zpravidla filtr.<\/p>\n 10. Kalibrace<\/strong><\/p>\n \u010cerpadlo uve\u010fte na provozn\u00ed teplotu t\u00edm, \u017ee do t\u011blesa \u010derpadla p\u0159ivedete kapalinu. P\u0159i kontrole kalibrace zkontrolujte ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed motoru a \u010derpadla. \u010cerpadlo by se m\u011blo ot\u00e1\u010det ve sm\u011bru \u0161ipky na t\u011blese \u010derpadla. Nesouosost m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit:<\/p>\n 1) P\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed lo\u017eisek \u010derpadla;<\/p>\n 2) Axi\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 ucp\u00e1vky tam a zp\u011bt. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce se t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed pohybuje, t\u00edm snadn\u011bji se p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se plochy t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed otev\u00edraj\u00ed;<\/p>\n 3) Pokud je nesouosost velk\u00e1, dojde ke kontaktu stacion\u00e1rn\u00edch a pohybliv\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed;<\/p>\n 4) Kontaktn\u00ed krou\u017eek opot\u0159eben\u00ed;<\/p>\n 5) Ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 kolo a spir\u00e1la se vz\u00e1jemn\u011b dot\u00fdkaj\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Pump stability management in the process industry can be divided into three stages: 1) Pump selection and stability determination before installation; 2) Preparation for startup; 3) Ensuring stability after startup. For centrifugal pumps to operate more effectively and stably, they need to do a good job in the following 10 aspects. 1. Pump Selection As […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1362,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[36],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1361"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1361"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1361\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1362"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tflequip.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}